Dussehra दशहरा
Dedicated to Rama / Durga
About Dussehra
Dussehra, also known as Vijayadashami, falls on Ashwin Shukla Dashami — the tenth day after Navratri. It celebrates two parallel victories of good over evil: Lord Rama's defeat of the ten-headed demon king Ravana, and Goddess Durga's slaying of Mahishasura. In North India, massive effigies of Ravana, his brother Kumbhakarna, and son Meghanada are burned in grand Rama Lila grounds while fireworks light up the sky. The burning symbolizes the destruction of evil within oneself. In South India, Dussehra is celebrated as Vijayadashami — a day to begin new learning, with children initiated into education (Vidyarambham) by writing their first alphabet in rice. Mysuru's Dussehra is world-famous for its royal procession with a caparisoned elephant carrying the goddess idol. The day is considered one of the most auspicious for starting new ventures.
दशहरा, जिसे विजयादशमी भी कहते हैं, अश्विन शुक्ल दशमी को — नवरात्रि के बाद दसवें दिन — पड़ता है। यह बुराई पर अच्छाई की दो समानांतर विजयों का उत्सव है: भगवान राम द्वारा दस सिर वाले दानव राजा रावण की पराजय, और देवी दुर्गा द्वारा महिषासुर का वध। उत्तर भारत में, रामलीला मैदानों में रावण, उनके भाई कुंभकर्ण और पुत्र मेघनाद के विशाल पुतलों को जलाया जाता है जबकि आतिशबाज़ी आसमान को रोशन करती है। दहन स्वयं के भीतर बुराई के विनाश का प्रतीक है। दक्षिण भारत में, दशहरे को विजयादशमी — नई शिक्षा शुरू करने के दिन — के रूप में मनाया जाता है, बच्चों को चावल में पहला अक्षर लिखवाकर शिक्षा में दीक्षित (विद्यारंभम) किया जाता है। मैसूरु का दशहरा देवी प्रतिमा ले जाते सजे हुए हाथी की शाही शोभा यात्रा के लिए विश्व प्रसिद्ध है।
Spiritual Significance
Dussehra embodies the eternal truth that righteousness ultimately prevails over evil. The festival encourages inner reflection — burning one's own 'ten heads' of ego, greed, lust, anger, and other vices. It is also one of the three-and-a-half auspicious muhurtas in the Hindu calendar.
दशहरा इस शाश्वत सत्य को मूर्त रूप देता है कि धार्मिकता अंततः बुराई पर विजय प्राप्त करती है। यह त्योहार आंतरिक चिंतन को प्रोत्साहित करता है — अहंकार, लोभ, काम, क्रोध और अन्य दुर्गुणों रूपी अपने 'दस सिरों' को जलाना। यह हिंदू कैलेंडर के साढ़े तीन शुभ मुहूर्तों में से एक भी है।
Key Rituals & Practices
- Attend Ravan Dahan (burning of Ravana effigies) at Ram Lila grounds
- Perform Shastra Puja — worship of tools, weapons, and instruments
- Exchange Apta leaves (symbolizing gold) with friends and family
- Begin new learning or ventures on this auspicious day
- Watch Rama Lila performances depicting the Ramayana
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is a 10-headed Ravana burned on Dussehra?
Ravana's ten heads symbolize his vast knowledge of the six Shastras and four Vedas, representing both his extraordinary intellect and his tenfold ego. Despite being a great scholar and devotee of Shiva, his pride, lust, and desire for power led to his downfall. Burning the effigy represents the destruction of these ten negative qualities — lust (kama), anger (krodha), greed (lobha), delusion (moha), pride (mada), envy (matsarya), selfishness, injustice, cruelty, and ego (ahamkara). It reminds people that even the most learned can fall if consumed by vice.
What is Vidyarambham on Dussehra?
Vidyarambham (literally 'beginning of knowledge') is a South Indian tradition, especially popular in Kerala and Tamil Nadu, where young children are formally initiated into learning on Vijayadashami. A senior family member or teacher guides the child to write their first letters — traditionally 'Om Hari Shri Ganapathaye Namah' — in a plate of rice or sand. The timing is chosen because Vijayadashami is sacred to Goddess Saraswati (goddess of learning), and starting education on this day is believed to bring academic success.
What is Shastra Puja on Dussehra?
Shastra Puja (also called Astra Puja or Ayudha Puja) involves worshipping one's tools, weapons, instruments, and vehicles on Dussehra. The practice honors the implements that enable one's livelihood — farmers worship their plows, students their books, musicians their instruments, and professionals their work tools. Vehicles are washed and decorated. The tradition recognizes that our tools are extensions of our dharmic purpose and deserve gratitude. In South India, Ayudha Puja is especially elaborate, with workshops and factories decorating their machinery.
Festival Details
- Deity
- Rama / Durga
- Category
- Shakti & Goddess
- Regions
- Pan-India
- Calendar Basis
- Hindu Lunar (Panchang)
- Hindu Month
- Ashwin — Shukla Paksha, Dashami
- Importance
- major